I just read the October 2001 issue of Scientific American, which had an article called
Drowning New Orleans in which the author pretty much described Hurricane Katrina four years before it happened. (
Here it is on the magazine's Web Site,
and here's a PDF including the article and the neato photos and illustrations.)
Mr. Bill knew what was going to happen, too.
So it looks like it was well-known even before Hurricane Katrina what could happen and what needed to be done to prepare.
The root of the problem, they say, is the erosion caused by activity like river dredging, boat traffic, and levees blocking the silt deposition that used to build up the land around New Orleans and that actually formed the deltas in the first place. Louisiana has been shrinking ever since they started building levees to control the Mississippi. The article recommends closing the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet to stop the erosion that takes place there, opening a new channel to allow the Mississippi to exit further north and ships to enter further north, building control gates to allow the Mississippi to harmlessly flood away from New Orleans (and deposit silt nearby rather than abnormally far out into the ocean as it does when it follows existing levees), and building gates to protect Lake Pontchartrain from the Gulf of Mexico.
Does anybody have any good recommendations for resources on how soil erosion has been addressed since Katrina?